1. **ifconfig**: Display network interface information. Example: `ifconfig` 2. **ip addr**: Show IP addresses of network interfaces. Example: `ip addr show` 3. **ip route**: Display routing table information. Example: `ip route show` 4. **ping**: Test network connectivity. Example: `ping google.com` 5. **traceroute**: Trace the route to a destination. Example: `traceroute google.com` 6. **netstat**: Display network statistics and connections. Example: `netstat -an` 7. **ss**: Display socket statistics. Example: `ss -tuln` 8. **nslookup**: Perform DNS lookups. Example: `nslookup google.com` 9. **dig**: Another DNS lookup utility. Example: `dig google.com` 10. **route**: Manage the IP routing table. Example: `route -n` 11. **wget**: Download files from the web. Example: `wget https://example.com/file.txt` 12. **curl**: Transfer data to/from a ser...